Effect of Rising Oil Prices on Indian Economy - 1981 Words

A rise in global oil prices by $ 10 per barrel would reduce Indias economic growth by 0.2 percentage points and also affect the countrys current account deficit, Goldman Sach said. A VAR (value-at-risk) analysis suggests that a $ 10 increase in oil would reduce GDP growth by 0.2 percentage point, Goldman Sachs said in its latest edition of Asia Economics Analyst. India on Monday voiced serious concern over the rising crude oil prices, which have touched a two-year high, and said it could badly affect global economic growth and even give rise to inflationary pressures. The current oil prices will spur global inflation and retard economic growth. India feels that this is the concern that needs to be addressed on priority, Minister†¦show more content†¦In this background, I found it reassuring to come across opinions from two unrelated quarters questioning the connection. CONFIDENT ASSERTION There is first the confident assertion of the Chairman and Managing Director of Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Mr R. S. Butola, that the impact of higher crude prices need not always be severe, and can, in fact, be circumvented by means of some ingenious countervailing measures. The IOC seems to have achieved this by carrying out crash modernisation and upgradation of plants and shifting the dominant part of its business plan to petrochemicals. For instance, by using modern processes, IOC has been able to convert many black products into high-value fuel such as LPG and petrol, significantly raising the companys distillate yield from 71.5 per cent in 2004-05 to 75.4 per cent in 2010-11, and thereby extracting more high-value products from every barrel of crude. A recent IMF working paper (No.11/194) â€Å"Oil shocks in a global perspective: Are they really that bad?† is a scholarly exposition downplaying the gloomy prognostications associated with surging oil prices. The importance of the paper is that it almost exclusively focuses on the economies of developing countries. It goes into the relationship between oil prices and macroeconomic fundamentals, including economic output and value and volume of internationalShow MoreRelatedOil Prices And Rise And Fall Of Chinese Economy Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesFalling crude oil prices and rise and fall of Chinese economy Who’s afraid of falling crude oil prices? Isn’t it something to celebrate from the consumers’ point of view, especially in the Asian region! The answer is perhaps â€Å"no†. Though the debate over the impact of plunge in crude oil price and its implications will continue for long, nothing can be said with fair amount of certainty as long as its link with the slowdown of Chinese economy. A substantial amount of work is being carried out by theRead MoreOil Refinery in India1710 Words   |  7 PagesOil Refinery in India An Industry Overview #8195; Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 2 GLOBAL VIEW ON REFINING 3 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 8 INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 9 FUTURE OUTLOOK 11 REFERENCES 12 THE ONCE RELIABLE CONSTANTS HAVE BECOME GALLOPING VARIABLES -ALVIN TOFFLER India the worlds seventh largest country and the second most populace nation has been a destination of unrealized potential. In the recent past it has seen as stir of economic activity changing the prim face of theRead MoreFood Price Inflation in India4918 Words   |  20 PagesCreation 4.4. Deficit of Government 5. EFFECT OF INFLATION 5.1 Negative effects 5.2 Positive effects 6. TOOLS TO MEASURE INFLATION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6.1 National Income Deflator 6.2. Whole sale Price Index (WPI)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 6.3. Consumer Price Index (CPI)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7. FOOD PRICE INFLATION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7.1. what is food price inflation 8. GLOBAL SCENARIO 9. INDIAN PERSPECTIVE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10. CAUSESRead MoreThe Berlin Conference Of 1885 Sought To Regulate European1550 Words   |  7 Pagesabout it is extremely different. The growing influence of China and India in Africa is being watched with severe skepticism. Many people of the world see the two rising Asian economic powers as new colonial masters, exploiting resource rich Africa solely for their own benefit. While the Berlin Conference and doctrines such as the Indian Maritime Doctrine are created today to represent collaboration, there is not a reciprocal relationship between China and India with Africa, but one in which Africans’Read MoreImpact of Fuel Price Deregulation in India1735 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Fuel Price Deregulation in India Introduction Empowered group of Ministers on Friday, 25th June 2010, took a decision to decontrol the petrol prices increasing it by 3.50 per litre that of kerosene by Rs 3 a litre. While petrol is mainly used by the middle class for cars, kerosene is used by the poor for power. Diesel prices rose by Rs 2 per litre and might be freed up in the future. Cooking gas prices were raised by Rs 35   a cylinder. Govt. has indeed taken a bold step by decidingRead MoreOutline Of An Project On Inflation Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pagesextra hectic to economists, politicians and even people also. Factors on both demand and supply effect the inflation. So the stabilization strategies ought to consequently focus on both demand manipulation as well as supply management. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION REVIEW OF LITERATURE CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY STUDY ON INFLATION IN INDIA Introduction Inflation means substantial and rapid increase in price of goods which in turn decreases the purchasing capacity of the people. It is a highly controversialRead MoreGlobalization and the Indian Economy2554 Words   |  10 PagesAND INDIAN ECONOMY Overview Indian economy had experienced major rule adjustments in early 1990s. The new-fangled economic change, widely identified as, Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization planned at making the Indian economy as fastest rising market and worldwide aggressive. The sequence of changes taken on with reverence to industrial division, trade and financial division planned at building the economy further effective. By the start of changes to free up the Indian economy inRead MoreGeneric Market And Industry Overview1389 Words   |  6 Pagescare market is shampoo, and the second largest product segment is the styling agent. The key players are PG, Unilever, L’Oreal, and Brynwood, which account for 64% of the market share in the United States (Hair Care in the United States, 2015). The Indian hair care market has been growing in the last few years, and it is forecasted to grow during the next few years. It increased and reached a value of $2,010.6 million. The annual growth rate of the market was 10.9% in the past few years, and it reachedRead MoreThe Use Of Steam By Burning Coal On The World Essay1451 Words   |  6 Pageswith their heavily armed steamboats. Europeans had been cut off from the vibrant and wealthy market of the Indian Ocean by the Islamic empire in the Middle East (). So when Europeans found a waterway around the Cape of Good Hope, allowing for them to enter the market, they were not kind to the peaceful and free trade region of the Indian Ocean. Initially, Europeans upon reaching the Indian Ocean could not instill their policies of forced trade, as the amount of trade between civilizations alreadyRead MoreThe Oil And Natural Gas Sector3323 Words   |  14 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The oil and natural gas sector is constituted of three major components – upstream, midstream and downstream. The upstream industry includes exploration and production, midstream includes processing, storing and transporting while the downstream industry includes oil refineries and distribution. It provides consumers with various products like petroleum, gasoline, diesel, lubricants. The purpose of our project is to study the downstream oil and natural gas sector industry

Protecting Life, Liberty, and Property in the Bill of Rights

Bill of Rights Essay â€Å" The government is morally obligated to serve people and protect their rights such as life, liberty, and property. â€Å" The Constitution had no effect against the Articles of Confederation. The Constitution was created to make a stronger central government to protect the rights of its people. The social contract protects the natural rights, while the Constitution protects every other rights, like adding an extra layer of protection. The writers intention of the Bill of Rights was to ensure the safety of citizens rights without them being violated. Most amendments apply in daily life, but it might not show. The First amendment, freedom of speech, amendment two, the right to bear arms, and amendment four, protects†¦show more content†¦Although the First amendment is very important, amendment two is also a huge factor for citizens. The Second amendment allows citizens to bear arms. The Second amendment means that citizens are allowed to bear a rms for house protection. Citizens are protected from jail fines, if the gun is a military type gun used for protection. The government must protect the citizens from any unreasonable gun laws and disarming. One court case involving the Second amendment was the United States vs. Miller on May 15th, 1939. Jack Miller and Frank Layton carried sawed off shotguns across state lines. Both were arrested and went into trial with the Supreme court. They won the court case at first, but the the National Firearms Act only allowed shotguns with an eighteen inch barrel to be owned. They both did not have a registering stamp to show that they paid for the tax. The ruling did not take place because Jack Miller had died. The Supreme court was sent to a lower level court to be dealt with. The case helped people remember about the National Firearms Act requiring all firearms needing the register stamp. Another court case with the second amendment is District of Columbia vs. Heller in 2008. Hell er was a special policemen who applied to register his pistol, but the District denied him. He enjoined the city to enforcing of the license and registration. The ruling was five to four, because the law interfered with the governments duty to protect citizens fromShow MoreRelatedWhat is the Bill of Rights?1440 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bill of Rights Essay â€Å"Rightful liberty is unobstructed action according to our will within limits drawn around us by the equal rights of others.I do not add ‘within the limits of the law because law is often but the tyrants’ will,and always so when it violates the rights of the individual† -Thomas Jefferson. The Constitution was created because of the ineffectiveness of the Articles of Confederation did not simply protecting the rights of the people which the Founding Fathers was concernedRead MoreThe Case Of De Jonge V. Oregon Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom of assembly defines the right to hold public meetings and form associations without interference by the government. In the case of â€Å"De Jonge v. Oregon,† the Court protected freedom of assembly from state actions and rather referred to the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (â€Å"Dejonge v. Oregon - 1937†). Dirk De Jonge was a member of the Communist Party. De Jonge protested against â €Å"police brutality.† Oregon charged De Jonge as wanting to cause civil unrest. However, in the end,Read MoreThe Rights Of State Governments And The Federal Government1442 Words   |  6 Pagesconstitutional rights of American citizens that are given by the Bill of Rights. Origins of this doctrine dates back to the beginning of constitutional America. There were debates over the relationship between the rights of state governments and the federal government. To guarantee that certain rights were not limited, the Federalist, an early political party, had insisted that the Bill of Rights to be added to the Constitution before they signed it. But even years after the addition of the Bill of RightsRead MoreBill of Rights Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen Essay1289 Words   |  6 Pages The Bill of Rights and Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen are based on the same principles of natural rights; therefore each document is similar in protecting the peoples n atural rights. However, despite their similarities, their differences are apparent due to the social situations in which they were adopted. The Bill of Rights stood to protect the freedoms of each individual by establishing a democratic government. The French Revolution eliminated the hierarchy of class and establishedRead MoreFederalism Is The Division Of Powers Between A Central Government And Regional Governments1480 Words   |  6 Pagesscopes of authority. The Fourth Amendment protects the right of the people against unreasonable searches and seizures†. The Fourth Amendment, spoke to the importance of federalism as a mechanism to secure liberty for the American people. State courts would be responsible for determining if the searches were conducted with reasonableness, giving the government the closest to the people the most say in such matters. Regarding privacy rights there have been positive and negative impacts throughoutRead MoreDefining The Bill Of Rights1075 W ords   |  5 PagesDefining the Bill of Rights and Amendments to the Constitution Originally the Constitutional framers did not include a list of specific liberties. These liberties later would become a Bill of Rights. Many of the founding fathers did not believe it was necessary to spell out these individual liberties because they felt that the U.S. Constitution already made it clear what the limits on the government’s powers were. Soon it would become more evident that the Constitution didn’t go far enough in addressingRead MoreThe Enlightenment Period : John Locke And Rousseau s Separation Of Powers1235 Words   |  5 PagesLocke s natural rights, Voltaires religious tolerance, Montesquieu s separation of powers, Wollstonecraft s views on women s rights, Newtons scientific theories, and Rousseau’s social contract were the biggest of influences during the Enlightenment period. John Locke’s natural rights influenced the people at the time, leading to the French Revolution. Natural rights was an ideal where people revolutionized beca use of limited rights, and thats when life, liberty, and property came to play, offeringRead MoreThe Constitutional Framers Did Not Be A Bill Of Rights1065 Words   |  5 PagesOriginally the Constitutional framers did not include a list of specific liberties. These liberties later would become a Bill of Rights. Many of the founding fathers did not believe it was necessary to spell out these individual liberties because they felt that the U.S. Constitution already made it clear what the limits on the government’s powers were. Soon it would become more evident that the Constitution didn’t go far enough in addressing the issue of national power. As the ratification debatesRead MoreFederalist Paper : The Federalist Papers1399 Words   |  6 PagesConstitution. Of these, the Three-Fifths Compromise, the Electoral College, and the Bill of Rights were the some of the most important and most controversial. Madison who wrote the 54th Federalist paper discussed the Three-Fift hs Compromise at length, defending the addition of this clause. Hamilton who wrote 68th Federalist paper defends the process that the Constitution institutes for electing a president. The Bill of Rights were discussed in the 84th Federalist paper which was also written by HamiltonRead MoreThe Enlightenment And The Enlightenment907 Words   |  4 Pagesreligion, belief in freedom, liberty, and progress that it will get better. The new attitudes are optimistic, seek practical improvement, and it focused more on liberty. The Enlightenment affected the way people understood the role of government. It changed they way they think about the purpose of the government and who should govern them. Individuals did not have to accept despair. Science and reason could bring happiness and progress. Kings did not rule by divine right. They had an obligation to

Factors Affecting Employee Productivity Free Essays

When we say employee efficiency this means the employee characteristics and also relates to the speed and accuracy of an employee against the role, job and duties. Employee productivity underpins employee efficiency wherein the more efficient employees are the more productive they will be especially when managed correctly. Employee productivity creates an environment that encourages effective performance and hence essential in management of human capital function. We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Affecting Employee Productivity or any similar topic only for you Order Now In maximising employee productivity, there is the need to focus on areas of personal motivation and the infrastructure of the work environment, both of which form factor that affect the employee productivity. While the most obvious motivating factor for employee factor is often thought to be based on salary and promotions, this may not always be the case. The question is: what makes employee work harder? 2. 0 Statement of the problem While workers are on the job, they do not produce more simply because they are being paid to do such. This is said to be human nature that is triggered by different factors. This study aims to understand these different factors affecting employee productivity. In particular, the study will determine the factors that are affecting the productivity of Ghanaian workers working in fast food chains. With this, the following questions will be given answer to: 1) What are the factors that influence Ghanaian workers to work even harder while in the workplace? ) Specifically, what are the factors that affect their works positively and negatively? 3) How do they perceive their immediate managers to motivate them to work harder? 4) Are their workplaces and/or work environment can be considered productive for them to align their productivity with such? 3. 0 Aims and objectives The main aim of the study is to explore the various factors that influence and affect the productivity of Ghanaian workers who work in fast food chains. There could be positive and negative factors influencing such. In lieu with this, the following specific objectives will be addressed: †¢ To determine the nature and dynamics of employee productivity in Ghana and in fast food industry †¢ To distinguish the different perceptions of Ghanaian workers on various influences to own productivity 4. 0 Overview of methodologies Primary and secondary research will be conducted in the study. In primary research, the study will survey Ghanaian workers who work in fast food chains that are generally private. A structured questionnaire will be developed and it will be used as the survey tool for the study. It is planned that the questionnaire will have a 5 point Likert Scale, as well as ranking questions. Data on both medium will be compared and evaluated using SPSS. Aside from survey, a secondary research will also be conducted in the study. Sources in secondary research will include previous research reports, newspaper, magazine and journal content, organization statistics, etc. Sometimes, secondary research is required in the preliminary stages of research to determine what is known already and what new data are required, or to inform research design. In this paper, existing findings on journals and existing knowledge on books will be used as secondary research. The findings from the journals and books will be evaluated in the data analysis. Types of research journals chosen are all related to issues in advertisements. Basically, interpretation will be conducted which can account as qualitative in nature. Read more: http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2010/10/factors-affecting-employee-productivity-case-study-of-private-ghanaian-workers-working-in-fast-food-chains.html#ixzz1H9R8haOi How to cite Factors Affecting Employee Productivity, Papers

Spanish Essay On Drinking And Free Time Essays - DraftQuarzo

Spanish Essay On Drinking And Free Time El mayoria de paises contienen muchos modas de pasando tiempo libre. Los Esatdos Unidos es uno de esos paises. Mucho de los jovenes usan el fin de semana para una excusa para beber alcohol en exceso. Pero para mi pais, es un mas grande de un problema. En los Estados Unidos, la edad para beber alcohol legalidad es 21, y en los otros paises, es una edad mas bajo, o no hay una. Porque de la razon que es ilegal, mucho de la juventud aqui piensa que es muy atreivido para hacer eso, pero no es verdad. Muchos chicos empiezan sus problemas con alcohol en su juventud. Por eso, hay un problema de la nacion. Si, bebiendo alcohol es un poco comun, pero no es el solo modo de divertirse. Porque de las riquezas de los Estados Unidos, hay muchas cosas diferentes para hacer por el fin de semana. En Virginia, es muy popular ir al cine, cenar en grupos, ir al centro, o tener y ir a fiestas (cual es donde un poco de beber alcohol ocuren). En el verano en Virginia, es un buen tiempo para tomar un viaje a la playa, y muchos personas viajar con sus familias o sus amigos. Durante el invierno, es mas comun para los jovenes a ir a las montanas para esquiar sobre nieva. En facto, hay un viaje el semana proximo en que mas de el mayor clase vayan. Y si Ud. piensa que es mucho a hacer en Virginia, image los modas para divertirse en los fin de semanas del todo de los Estados Unidos! Foreign Languages

Characterization of E

Characterization of E Introduction E-commerce involves trading through the Internet. This is as a result of great familiarity in the Internet use all over the world. The Internet is being used greatly in the market, a thing that has contributed to growth in the world economies. The Internet is being used as a tool in advertising products and services in the market. It is also used by sellers as a channel of providing information to the consumers on their products and services.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Characterization of E-Commerce Traffic specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This ensures that the buyers are well informed about the products before they make decisions to buy them. The power of servers providing e-commerce has been increasing but these sites have not been able to improve the services provided to the users. This has been leading to loss of revenue due to slow connectivity and thus effort should be put in order to perfect these sites (Floyd, 1986). E-commerce Sites In 2000, e-commerce generated $132 billion more than twice the money generated in 1999. With this it is clear that e-commerce is generating enough revenue (Glushko et al, 2001). Thus, it is important that the availability and performance of the e-commerce sites be improved and their performance monitored closely to ensure their efficiency. There are two types of e-commerce sites, those are, business to business and business to consumers. Business to business provides services to corporations while business to consumers provide services to individuals. The main difference between these two sites is the user population. The business to business site is usually restricted to corporations for security purpose while business to consumers usually has high population of users. The configuration of the general server is similar in both sites (Kant, 1992). Agreements of the services between corporations and individuals must be honored in order to r etain and gain customers. Performance and availability of the servers are two important things that must be checked for effective e-commerce. E-commerce environment server consists of two parts, those are, front end and back end network. Front end consists of web and application services accessible by the users over Internet while back end consists of security fire walls and the data base servers (Glushko et al, 2001). Managerial Implications Work load implication of e-commerce servers affects its performance for it is usually high. Server overload affects the performance and availability of e-commerce services and in return it reduces the income that would have been gained. E-commerce traffic greatly affects the usage of Internet for business and thus it is important that the ways of controlling this traffic be put in place (Kant, 1992).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Load balancing is a common method that is being used to improve the performance of e-commerce servers. Understanding the workload of these servers is significant in efforts to eliminate traffic in e-commerce. Understanding of the work load in a typical e-commerce server is important in order to be able to develop schemes of eliminating traffic (Glushko et al, 2001). Another managerial implication is performance implication. This is usually as a result of web traffic, which leads to on/off processes. The response rate is very slow in e-commerce. The response times in e-commerce is believed to be heavy-tailed in nature though the response files are always of the same size. This is due to inclusion of images and video files in the overall traffic. In e-commerce, response time is dependent on processing and transfer time (Floyd, 1986). Reference List Floyd, A. (1986). Short-Term File Reference Patterns in a UNIX Environment. Technical Report, Computer Science Department, Universit y of Rochester. Glushko et al, (2001). An XML Framework for Agent-Based E-Commerce. Communications of ACM. New York: Prentice Hall Kant, K. (1992). Introduction to Computer System Performance Evaluation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

German Battleship Bismarck in World War II

German Battleship Bismarck in World War II Bismarck was the first of two Bismarck-class battleships that were ordered for the Kriegsmarine in the years prior to World War II. Built by Blohm and Voss, the battleship mounted a main battery of eight 15 guns and was capable of a top speed of over 30 knots. Quickly identified as a threat by the Royal Navy, efforts to track Bismarck were underway after its commissioning in August 1940. Ordered on its first mission into the Atlantic the following year, Bismarck won a victory over HMS Hood at the Battle of the Denmark Strait, but soon came under a combined attack by British ships and aircraft. Damaged by an aerial torpedo, Bismarck was sunk by British surface ships on May 27, 1941. Design In 1932, German naval leaders requested a series of battleship designs intended to fit within the 35,000 ton limit imposed on leading maritime nations by the Washington Naval Treaty.  Initial work began on what became the Bismarck-class the following year and initially centered around an armament of eight 13 guns and a top speed of 30 knots. In 1935, the signing of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement accelerated German efforts as it allowed the Kriegsmarine to build up to 35% of the total tonnage of the Royal Navy. Additionally, it bound the Kriegsmarine to the Washington Naval Treaty tonnage restrictions. Increasingly concerned about Frances naval expansion, German designers sought to create a new type of battleship that would out-class the newer French vessels. Design work moved forward with debates ensuing over the caliber of the main battery, type of propulsion system, and thickness of the armor.  These were further complicated in 1937 with the departure of Japan from the treaty system and implementation of an escalator clause that increased the tonnage limit to 45,000 tons. When German designers learned that the new French Richelieu-class would mount 15 guns, the decision was made use similar weapons in four two-gun turrets. This battery was supplemented by a secondary battery of twelve 5.9 (150 mm) guns. Several means of propulsion were considered including turbo-electric, diesel geared, and steam drives. After assessing each, turbo-electric drive was initially favored as it had proven effective aboard the American Lexington-class aircraft carriers. Construction As construction moved forward, the new class propulsion came to be  geared turbine engines turning three propellers. For protection, the new class mounted an armor belt ranging in thickness from 8.7 to 12.6. This area of the ship was further protected by 8.7 armored, transverse bulkheads. Elsewhere, armor for the conning tower was 14 on the sides and 7.9 on the roof. The armor scheme reflected the German approach of maximizing protection while maintaining stability. Ordered under the name  Ersatz Hannover, the lead ship of the new class, Bismarck, was laid down at Blohm Voss in Hamburg on July 1, 1936. The first name served as an indication that the new vessel was replacing the old pre-dreadnought Hannover. Sliding down the ways on February 14, 1939, the new battleship was sponsored by  Dorothee von Là ¶wenfeld, granddaughter of Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. Bismarck would be followed a second battleship of its class, Tirpitz, in 1941. Fast Facts: Battleship Bismarck General Nation: Nazi GermanyType: BattleshipShipyard: Blohm Voss, HamburgLaid Down: July 1, 1936Launched: February 14, 1939Commissioned: August 24, 1940Fate: Sunk in action, May 27, 1941 Specifications Displacement: 45,451 tonnesLength: 450.5mBeam (Width): 36mDraft:: 9.3-10.2mPropulsion: 12 High-pressure Wagner boilers powering 3 Blohm Voss geared turbines at 150,170 horsepowerSpeed: 30.8 knotsRange: 8,525 nautical miles at 19 knots, 4,500 nautical miles at 28 knotsComplement: 2,092: 103 officers, 1,989 enlisted Armament Guns 8Ãâ€"380 mm/L48.5 SK-C/34 (4 turrets with 2 guns each)12Ãâ€"150 mm/L55 SK-C/2816Ãâ€"105 mm/L65 SK-C/37 / SK-C/3316Ãâ€"37 mm/L83 SK-C/3012Ãâ€"20 mm/L65 MG C/30 (Single)8Ãâ€"20 mm/L65 MG C/38 (Quadruple) Aircraft 4Ãâ€" Arado Ar 196 A-3 seaplanes, using 1 double-ended catapult Early Career Commissioned in August 1940, with Captain  Ernst Lindemann in command, Bismarck departed Hamburg to conduct sea trials in Kiel Bay.  Testing of the ships armament, power plant, and seakeeping abilities continued through the fall in the relative safety of the Baltic Sea. Arriving at Hamburg in December, the battleship entered the yard for repairs and alterations. Though scheduled to return to Kiel in January, a wreck in the Kiel Canal prevented this from occurring until March. Finally reaching the Baltic, Bismarck resumed training operations. With World War II underway, the German Kriegsmarine envisioned using Bismarck as a raider to attack British convoys in the North Atlantic. With its 15 guns, the battleship would be able to strike from a distance, inflicting maximum damage while placing itself at minimal risk. Bismarck, photographed from Prinz Eugen, in the Baltic at the outset of Operation Rheinà ¼bung, May 1941. Bundesarchiv, Bild 146-1989-012-03 / Lagemann / CC-BY-SA 3.0 The battleships first mission in this role was dubbed Operation Rheinà ¼bung (Exercise Rhine) and proceeded under the command of  Vice Admiral Gà ¼nter Là ¼tjens. Sailing in tandem with the cruiser Prinz Eugen, Bismarck departed Norway on May 22, 1941, and headed towards the shipping lanes. Aware of Bismarcks departure, the Royal Navy had begun moving ships to intercept. Steering north and west, Bismarck headed for the Denmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland. Battle of the Denmark Straight Entering the strait, Bismarck was detected by the cruisers HMS Norfolk and HMS Suffolk which called for reinforcements. Responding were the battleship HMS Prince of Wales and the battlecruiser HMS Hood. The two intercepted the Germans at the south end of the strait on the morning of May 24. Less than 10 minutes after the ships opened fire, Hood was struck in one of its magazines causing an explosion that blew the ship in half. Unable to take on both German ships alone, Prince of Wales broke off the fight. During the battle, Bismarck was hit in a fuel tank, causing a leak and forcing a reduction in speed (Map). Bismarck fires on HMS Prince of Wales during the Battle of the Denmark Strait. Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1984-055-13 Sink the Bismarck! Unable to continue with his mission, Là ¼tjens ordered Prinz Eugen to continue on while he turned the leaking Bismarck toward France. On the night of May 24, aircraft from the carrier HMS Victorious attacked with little effect. Two days later aircraft from HMS Ark Royal scored a hit, jamming Bismarcks rudder. Unable to maneuver, the ship was forced to steam in a slow circle while awaiting the arrival of the British battleships HMS King George V and HMS Rodney. They were sighted the following morning and Bismarcks final battle commenced. Bismarck burning in the distance as HMS Rodney (right) fires, May 27, 1941. Public Domain Assisted by the heavy cruisers HMS Dorsetshire and Norfolk, the two British battleships pummeled the stricken Bismarck, knocking its guns out of action and killing most of the senior officers on board. After 30 minutes, the cruisers attacked with torpedoes. Unable to resist further, Bismarcks crew scuttled the ship to prevent its capture. British ships raced in to pick up the survivors and rescued 110 before a U-boat alarm forced them to leave the area. Close to 2,000 German sailors were lost.

The launch of a new ice cream dessert Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The launch of a new ice cream dessert - Essay Example Consumers have great amount of information access power. As the demographics has been continuously changing worldwide, needs and preferences has been changing. In any part of the globe it’s the consumers demographics and culture plays an all-important role in shaping any marketing strategy. For the product like Ice cream consumers’ age as well as eating culture always plays a major role to decide preference and needs. In general, today’s youth particularly interested in technology and gathering information in emerging economy, is more aware of its environment and changes that is taking place globally. Young are more technology friendly and connected through Internet, TV and other communication gadgets. They are more information oriented. Today’s youth is more assertive and they have specific preference and needs as well as they are more influential in shaping others buying behaviours to buy almost anything. Children age 2 to 14 indirectly influence as esti mated $300 billion in annual household purchase (Mc Neal, 1998, pp 37-41). Reaching and influencing the young segment is ever more challenging. Consumption patterns are shifting from mass media towards micro media for the masses. Savvy media empowered consumers often under age of 25, are being influence by trends from all over the globe. So children and youth represent an important demographic market because they are potential customers, they influence purchases made by parents and households and they constitute the future adult market (Mc Neal, 1998). Marketers segment target audiences by age to build brand awareness and brand loyalty early in life that will be sustained into adulthood. Child and young consumer role in one of the important aspects to be studied before marketing for the products like Ice cream. Children’s consumers’ socialization and